Alfred Kastler Apr 2026

Kastler’s work laid the groundwork for modern atomic clocks, the most precise timekeeping devices known, which are essential for GPS technology.

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In the mid-20th century, physicists could observe atoms, but they couldn't easily control their internal states. Enter Alfred Kastler, a French physicist whose ingenious methods of using light to manipulate atomic energy levels earned him the 1966 Nobel Prize in Physics. Kastler didn't just study light; he taught it to reorganize the structure of matter. Kastler’s work laid the groundwork for modern atomic