History Of The Grading System -

The shift toward formalizing performance began at Yale in 1785. President Ezra Stiles recorded the first documented grading scale in his diary, sorting 58 students into four Latin categories: Optimi (the best), Second Optimi , Inferiores , and Pejores (the worst). This was the first major step toward ranking students against one another rather than just assessing their mastery of a subject.

In 1792, William Farish , a tutor at the University of Cambridge, introduced a radical idea: assigning numerical "marks" to student work. Farish was inspired by the manufacturing industry, where factories "graded" products—like shoes—to determine their quality and price. History of the Grading system

Before the 1800s, student evaluation was intimate and subjective. In early American universities, professors didn't hand out report cards. Instead, students faced a single, high-stakes oral exam at the end of their studies. A panel of experts would listen and simply decide if the student was ready to graduate or not. The shift toward formalizing performance began at Yale

So, how did we get from "pass/fail" oral exams to the letter grades we see today? In 1792, William Farish , a tutor at