Introduction To Cosmology -

The ultimate fate of the cosmos depends on the battle between gravity and dark energy. Current data suggests we live in a "flat" universe dominated by dark energy, leading to a scenario known as the In this future, galaxies will move so far apart they become invisible to one other, stars will run out of fuel, and the universe will eventually become a cold, dark, and empty void. Conclusion

A repulsive force that appears to be accelerating the expansion of the universe, pushing galaxies apart at an increasing rate. 4. The Fate of the Universe Introduction to Cosmology

The foundation of modern cosmology was laid in the early 20th century. Before this, most scientists—including Albert Einstein—assumed the universe was static and eternal. However, in 1929, Edwin Hubble observed that distant galaxies are moving away from us. More importantly, the further away a galaxy is, the faster it recedes. This discovery of proved that the universe is expanding, implying it must have had a beginning. 2. The Big Bang Theory The ultimate fate of the cosmos depends on

Evidence for this theory is overwhelming, most notably the radiation. Discovered in 1964, the CMB is the "afterglow" of the Big Bang—faint radio signals coming from every direction in the sky, representing the moment the universe cooled enough for light to travel freely. 3. The Composition of the Cosmos However, in 1929, Edwin Hubble observed that distant