: Amanullah sought to build a "New Kabul" south of the old city, headlined by the Darul Aman Palace , intended as a modern parliament building.
: The city's demographic began a slow shift from a predominantly Qizilbash Shia identity toward a Sunni Pashtun-led administration, a transition that defined the power structures of the modern Afghan state. 3. The Iron Amir and Early Modernization (1880–1919) Kabul: A History 1773-1948
: The first steps toward industrialization began with the establishment of the Mashin Khana (workshop/factory) in Kabul, which produced both armaments and everyday goods. 4. Reform, Reaction, and Independence (1919–1929) : Amanullah sought to build a "New Kabul"
