: Recognizing how a learner's first language can both help and hinder second language acquisition.
: Encouraging students to dedicate personal time and effort to develop their own learning strategies. Socio-Affective Principles ok-Teaching by Principles-H Douglas Brown
: Prioritizing learning that connects to a student's existing knowledge and interests over rote memorization. : Recognizing how a learner's first language can
These principles are categorized to address different aspects of the learner's experience: ok-Teaching by Principles-H Douglas Brown
: Managing the fragile sense of self-worth that learners often experience when using a new language.
: Encouraging students to "gamble" with the language and view errors as natural steps in progress.