Inflammation of the tendons on the outside of the elbow, often caused by late contact or poor technique on the backhand, which overloads the wrist extensors .
Significant internal rotation of the upper arm and trunk extension/rotation. Chest, Shoulders, Core, Forearms
Frequent overhead serving can wear down the shoulder tendons, especially if the scapula is not properly stabilized.
The and anterior deltoid contract concentrically to bring the racket forward. Backhand Back, Posterior Shoulder, Core
The gastrocnemius and soleus (calves) are the first muscles engaged to initiate movement. The quadriceps and hamstrings provide the explosive power needed for lunging and jumping, while the gluteals stabilize the hips during lateral shifts.
The shoulders (deltoids) and chest (pectorals) provide the final acceleration of the racket. The rotator cuff (SITS: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis) stabilizes the shoulder joint, allowing for the extreme range of motion required during serves. 2. Stroke-Specific Muscle Activation Different strokes demand unique muscle engagement patterns: Primary Muscles Engaged Anatomical Action Serve Shoulders, Core, Legs, Triceps
