: It is naturally transformable , meaning it can actively take up foreign DNA from its environment, making it a primary model organism for genetic research [1, 8]. Major Applications
: Formulated into dietary supplements for humans and additives for livestock to improve digestion, immune function, and gut microbiome balance [4, 8, 31, 34]. bacillus subtilis
: Acts as a "cell factory" to mass-produce enzymes (like amylase and protease for laundry detergents) and vitamins, specifically Riboflavin (B2) [1, 7, 8]. : It is naturally transformable , meaning it
: While historically seen as an obligate aerobe, it is a facultative anaerobe that can grow without oxygen through fermentation [1, 2, 9]. : It is naturally transformable